Nurnberg

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Nürnberg

Children's Christmas Market Christkindlmarkt Nurnberg and Nazi

 

 

Nürnberg, city in south central Germany, on the Pegnitz River, in Bavaria, near Fürth. The city is a commercial and industrial center, served by railroads and the Ludwigs Canal, which connects the Danube and Main rivers.

 

Old Nürnberg's City Wall

 

on a rainy day in 2004

Nürnberg is widely known for its toys and honey and spice cakes (Lebkuchen); other products include motor vehicles, electrical and electronic equipment, office machinery, textiles, and precision instruments.

 

Frauenkirche 

 

clock detail

Among the city's points of interest are the Hauptmarkt, the main market square; the Gothic Saint Sebald's Church (mainly 13th century); a castle (begun 11th century); the German National Museum; toy and transportation museums; the house (now a museum) where the artist Albrecht Dürer lived; and extensive parts of the old city walls (chiefly 15th century). A section of the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg is in the city.

 

Gothic memorial on Market Square

Photos of the Christkindlmarkt

Photos of the Children's Christmas Market

 

building murals

 

corner figures

 

government building

First mentioned in 1050, Nürnberg was made a free imperial city in 1219 and after 1356 became the de facto capital of the Holy Roman German Empire. It subsequently became known for its manufactures, especially woodenware.

 

roof with dormer windows 

 

street in reconstructed old city

 

During the 15th and 16th centuries the city was a principal center of commerce and culture due largely to its location at the crossroads of four major trade routes. Among the artists who worked in Nürnberg during this period were the sculptor Veit Stoss, the bronze caster Peter Fischer, the painter and woodcarver Michael Wolgemut, and Dürer. 

 

medieval gate

Also active at the time were the Meistersinger, members of guilds formed to cultivate music and poetry, including the poet and dramatist Hans Sachs. Local astronomer Regiomontanus drew the navigational charts used by Christopher Columbus on his 1492 voyage to America. In 1806Bavaria acquired control of Nürnberg, and in 1835 the city became a terminus of the first German railroad. 

Photos of 1934 Rally

From 1933 to 1938 it was the site of annual conventions of the National Socialist German Workers (or Nazi) Party; at the 1935 meeting the Nürnberg Laws, depriving German Jews of many civil rights, were promulgated. As a major center for producing military equipment, the city was badly damaged by Allied bombardments during World War II (1939-1945). After the war Nürnberg was a site of trials (1945-1946) of suspected German war criminals; the trials were conducted by an international tribunal of Allied jurists. 

 Photo of War Crimes Trial Courtroom

. The city has been completely rebuilt since the war, including restoration of its Old Town section. Population (1990 estimate) 490,500.

 

medieval stain glass window

 

Gothic window in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum

 

 

Book Nuremberg Hotel

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Children's Christmas Market Christkindlmarkt Nurnberg and Nazi

Aachen Bamberg Bayreuth Berlin Black Forest Christmas Markets Cologne Cows Dresden DDR Freiburg Goettingen Hamburg Heidelberg Koblenz Konstanz Leipzig Lübeck Mainz Main-Danube Canal Mecklenburg Danube Narrows Meissen Munich Munster North Sea Islands Nurnberg Passau Potsdam Regensburg Rhine river Rothenburg the Alps Trier Wertheim Wittenberg Wurzburg

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